{"id":51778,"date":"2024-12-15T20:13:25","date_gmt":"2024-12-15T12:13:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/?p=51778"},"modified":"2024-12-15T20:18:10","modified_gmt":"2024-12-15T12:18:10","slug":"comprehensive-chemical-structure-analysis-of-bdmaee-nn-bis2-dimethylaminoethyl-ether","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/archives\/51778","title":{"rendered":"Comprehensive Chemical Structure Analysis of BDMAEE (N,N-Bis(2-Dimethylaminoethyl) Ether)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/h2>\n

N,N-Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether, abbreviated as BDMAEE, is a significant compound in the chemical industry due to its unique structure and properties. This article aims to provide an extensive analysis of BDMAEE’s chemical structure, including its synthesis methods, physical and chemical characteristics, reactivity, applications, and safety considerations. The discussion will be supported by data from foreign literature and presented with detailed tables for clarity.<\/p>\n

Chemical Structure Overview<\/h2>\n

BDMAEE features two dimethylaminoethyl groups connected by an ether linkage. Each dimethylaminoethyl group contains an ethyl chain with a terminal tertiary amine (-N(CH\u2083)\u2082). The central oxygen atom forms an ether bond between the two ethyl chains, resulting in a symmetrical molecule.<\/p>\n

Table 1: Basic Molecular Information of BDMAEE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Property<\/th>\nValue<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Molecular Formula<\/td>\nC8H20N2O<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molecular Weight<\/td>\n146.23 g\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS Number<\/td>\n111-42-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
<\/div>\n

Physical Properties<\/h2>\n

BDMAEE is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic amine odor. It has a boiling point around 185\u00b0C and a melting point of -45\u00b0C. Its density is approximately 0.937 g\/cm\u00b3 at 20\u00b0C. BDMAEE exhibits moderate solubility in water but mixes well with various organic solvents.<\/p>\n

Table 2: Physical Properties of BDMAEE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Property<\/th>\nValue<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Boiling Point<\/td>\n~185\u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Melting Point<\/td>\n-45\u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Density<\/td>\n0.937 g\/cm\u00b3 (at 20\u00b0C)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Refractive Index<\/td>\nnD 20 = 1.442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Solubility in Water<\/td>\nModerate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Synthesis Methods<\/h2>\n

The synthesis of BDMAEE can be achieved through several routes, each involving different reactants and conditions. Common methods include alkylation reactions and condensation processes.<\/p>\n

Table 3: Synthesis Methods for BDMAEE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Method<\/th>\nReactants<\/th>\nConditions<\/th>\nYield (%)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Alkylation with Dimethyl Sulfate<\/td>\nDimethylaminoethanol + Dimethyl sulfate<\/td>\nElevated temperature, acid catalyst<\/td>\n~85%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Condensation with Ethylene Oxide<\/td>\nDimethylamine + Ethylene oxide<\/td>\nMild conditions, base catalyst<\/td>\n~75%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Case Study: Synthesis Using Dimethyl Sulfate<\/h3>\n

Application<\/strong>: Industrial-scale production
\nCatalyst Used<\/strong>: Acidic medium
\nOutcome<\/strong>: High yield and purity, suitable for commercial applications.<\/p>\n

Spectroscopic Characteristics<\/h2>\n

Understanding the spectroscopic properties of BDMAEE helps in identifying the compound and confirming its purity. Techniques such as NMR, IR, and MS are commonly used.<\/p>\n

Table 4: Spectroscopic Data of BDMAEE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Technique<\/th>\nKey Peaks\/Signals<\/th>\nDescription<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Proton NMR (^1H-NMR)<\/td>\n\u03b4 2.2-2.4 ppm (m, 12H), 3.2-3.4 ppm (t, 4H)<\/td>\nMethine and methylene protons<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carbon NMR (^13C-NMR)<\/td>\n\u03b4 40-42 ppm (q, 2C), 58-60 ppm (t, 2C)<\/td>\nQuaternary carbons<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Infrared (IR)<\/td>\n\u03bd 2930 cm\u207b\u00b9 (CH stretching), 1100 cm\u207b\u00b9 (C-O stretching)<\/td>\nCharacteristic absorptions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mass Spectrometry (MS)<\/td>\nm\/z 146 (M\u207a), 72 ((CH\u2083)\u2082NH\u207a)<\/td>\nMolecular ion and fragment ions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Reactivity and Mechanisms<\/h2>\n

BDMAEE’s reactivity mainly derives from its tertiary amine groups, which act as nucleophiles and bases. The ether linkage also plays a role in substitution reactions and rearrangements. BDMAEE can function as a ligand in coordination chemistry.<\/p>\n

Table 5: Types of Reactions Involving BDMAEE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Reaction Type<\/th>\nExample Mechanism<\/th>\nApplications<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Nucleophilic Substitution<\/td>\nSN2 mechanism<\/td>\nSynthesis of quaternary ammonium salts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Base-Catalyzed Reactions<\/td>\nDeprotonation of acids<\/td>\nCatalyst in polymerization<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Coordination Chemistry<\/td>\nComplex formation with metal ions<\/td>\nLigands in transition-metal catalysis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Case Study: BDMAEE as a Phase-Transfer Catalyst<\/h3>\n

Application<\/strong>: Organic synthesis
\nReaction Type<\/strong>: Esterification
\nOutcome<\/strong>: Improved reaction rate and selectivity, reduced side reactions.<\/p>\n

Applications in Various Fields<\/h2>\n

BDMAEE finds utility across multiple sectors, including pharmaceuticals, polymers, and catalysis, due to its versatile chemical structure.<\/p>\n

Table 6: Applications of BDMAEE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sector<\/th>\nFunction<\/th>\nSpecific Examples<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Pharmaceuticals<\/td>\nBuilding block for drug synthesis<\/td>\nAntidepressants, antihistamines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polymers<\/td>\nComonomer<\/td>\nPolyurethane foams, coatings<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Catalysis<\/td>\nPhase-transfer catalyst<\/td>\nEsterification, transesterification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Case Study: Use in Pharmaceutical Industry<\/h3>\n

Application<\/strong>: Drug development
\nFunction<\/strong>: Introducing dimethylaminoethyl functionalities
\nOutcome<\/strong>: Enhanced pharmacological activity and bioavailability.<\/p>\n

Environmental and Safety Considerations<\/h2>\n

Handling BDMAEE requires adherence to specific guidelines due to its potential irritant properties. Efforts are ongoing to develop greener synthesis methods that minimize environmental impact.<\/p>\n

Table 7: Environmental and Safety Guidelines<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Aspect<\/th>\nGuideline<\/th>\nReference<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Handling Precautions<\/td>\nUse gloves and goggles during handling<\/td>\nOSHA guidelines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Waste Disposal<\/td>\nFollow local regulations for disposal<\/td>\nEPA waste management standards<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Case Study: Green Synthesis Method Development<\/h3>\n

Application<\/strong>: Sustainable manufacturing
\nFocus<\/strong>: Reducing waste and emissions
\nOutcome<\/strong>: Environmentally friendly process with comparable yields.<\/p>\n

Future Directions and Research Opportunities<\/h2>\n

Research into BDMAEE continues to explore new possibilities for its use. Scientists are investigating ways to enhance its performance in existing applications and identify novel areas where it can be utilized.<\/p>\n

Table 8: Emerging Trends in BDMAEE Research<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Trend<\/th>\nPotential Benefits<\/th>\nResearch Area<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Green Chemistry<\/td>\nReduced environmental footprint<\/td>\nSustainable synthesis methods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Biomedical Applications<\/td>\nEnhanced biocompatibility<\/td>\nDrug delivery systems<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Case Study: Exploration of BDMAEE in Green Chemistry<\/h3>\n

Application<\/strong>: Sustainable chemistry practices
\nFocus<\/strong>: Developing green catalysts
\nOutcome<\/strong>: Promising results in reducing chemical waste and improving efficiency.<\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/h2>\n

BDMAEE’s distinctive chemical structure endows it with a range of valuable properties that have led to its widespread adoption across multiple industries. Understanding its structure, synthesis, reactivity, and applications is crucial for maximizing its utility while ensuring safe and environmentally responsible use. Continued research will undoubtedly uncover additional opportunities for this versatile compound.<\/p>\n

References:<\/h3>\n