Polyurethane (PU) is a high-performance polymer material and is widely used in many fields such as construction, automobile, home appliances, and furniture. Its excellent physical properties, chemical stability and processing flexibility make it one of the indispensable and important materials in modern industry. In the construction industry, polyurethane foam materials are widely used in thermal insulation projects in walls, roofs, floors and other parts due to their excellent thermal insulation properties and durability. However, to give full play to the performance advantages of polyurethane materials, the selection and use of catalysts are crucial. <\/p>\n
NIAX Catalyst is a series of highly efficient polyurethane catalysts developed by DuPont. Since the 1960s, this series of products has been widely used worldwide. NIAX catalysts can not only significantly improve the foaming speed and density control of polyurethane foam, but also improve the mechanical properties, dimensional stability and weather resistance of the foam. These characteristics make the application of NIAX catalysts particularly prominent in building thermal insulation materials. <\/p>\n
This article will discuss in detail the key contributions of NIAX catalysts in building thermal insulation materials, including their impact on the performance of polyurethane foam, specific application scenarios, product parameters and related domestic and foreign research progress. By citing a large number of literature, especially authoritative foreign journals and famous domestic literature, this article aims to provide readers with a comprehensive and in-depth understanding, helping relevant practitioners better select and apply NIAX catalysts, thereby improving the overall building insulation materials. Performance and market competitiveness. <\/p>\n
Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer compound produced by the reaction of isocyanate and polyol (Polyol). The basic reaction formula is as follows:<\/p>\n
[ R-NCO + HO-R\u2019 rightarrow R-NH-CO-O-R\u2019 ]<\/p>\n
Where, R and R’ represent different organic groups. Depending on the reaction conditions, polyurethane can form a variety of forms, such as soft foam, rigid foam, elastomer, coating and adhesive. Among building insulation materials, Rigid Polyurethane Foam (RPUF) is a commonly used form because of its excellent thermal insulation properties, lightweight, high strength and good dimensional stability. <\/p>\n
The preparation of rigid polyurethane foam is usually done by one-step or two-step method. One-step method refers to mixing all raw materials (isocyanate, polyol, catalyst, foaming agent, surfactant, etc.) and directly injecting them into the mold, and forming foam through chemical reactions. The two-step rule is to prepare the prepolymer in the step first, and then add foaming agents and other additives to foam. Either way, the action of the catalyst is crucial. <\/p>\n
In the preparation process, the main function of the catalyst is to accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyols, ensuring that the foam can foam and cure quickly in a short time. At the same time, the catalyst can also adjust the reaction rate to avoid excessively fast or slow reactions that lead to uneven foam structure or degradation of performance. In addition, the catalyst can also affect key performance indicators such as foam density, pore size distribution and mechanical strength. <\/p>\n
The reason why rigid polyurethane foam is widely used in building insulation materials is mainly due to its excellent performance in the following aspects:<\/p>\n
Excellent thermal insulation performance<\/strong>: The thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam is extremely low, usually around 0.022 W\/m\u00b7K, which is far lower than other common insulation materials (such as rock wool, glass wool, etc. ). This means it can provide efficient insulation at thinner thicknesses, reducing energy loss in buildings. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n Lightweight and high strength<\/strong>: Polyurethane foam has a low density, usually between 30-80 kg\/m\u00b3, but its compressive strength is excellent and can withstand large loads without deformation. . This makes it both save space and has good structural support capabilities. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n Good dimensional stability<\/strong>: Polyurethane foam can still maintain a stable size in harsh environments such as high temperature, low temperature, and humidity, and is not prone to shrinking or expanding, thus ensuring the reliability of long-term use and Security. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n Excellent weather resistance<\/strong>: Polyurethane foam has good UV resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and aging resistance, and can be used in outdoor environments for a long time without being affected by environmental factors. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n Environmental protection and energy saving<\/strong>: With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the production process of polyurethane foam is also being continuously optimized, reducing the emission of harmful substances. At the same time, its efficient thermal insulation performance helps reduce the energy consumption of buildings and meets the requirements of sustainable development. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Catalytics are one of the indispensable components in the preparation of polyurethane foam. Its main function is to promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, and to regulate the reaction rate and the physical properties of the foam. Specifically, catalysts can affect the properties of polyurethane foams in the following ways:<\/p>\n Accelerating the reaction rate<\/strong>: The catalyst can reduce the activation energy of the reaction, make isocyanate react with polyols faster, shorten the foaming time, and improve production efficiency. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n Control foam density<\/strong>: By adjusting the type and amount of catalyst, the foam can be controlledDensity, thus meeting the needs of different application scenarios. For example, in exterior wall insulation systems, lower density foam is usually required to reduce weight; while in roofing systems, higher density foam may be required to enhance compressive strength. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n Improve the foam structure<\/strong>: The catalyst can also affect the pore size distribution and pore wall thickness of the foam, thereby changing the mechanical properties and thermal insulation effect of the foam. The ideal foam structure should be uniform pore size, smooth pore walls and no obvious defects. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n Improving weather resistance and dimensional stability<\/strong>: Some catalysts can enhance the crosslinking degree of foam, so that they can maintain stable performance under high temperature, low temperature, humidity and other conditions, and extend service life . <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n To sum up, as a high-performance building thermal insulation material, polyurethane foam has excellent thermal insulation performance, lightweight and high strength, good dimensional stability and weather resistance, which has made it widely used in the construction industry. . As a crucial component in the preparation process, the catalyst has a profound impact on the properties of the foam. Next, we will focus on the specific application of NIAX catalysts in building insulation materials and their key contributions. <\/p>\n NIAX Catalyst is a series of high-efficiency catalysts developed by DuPont for the preparation of polyurethane foams. According to its chemical structure and catalytic mechanism, NIAX catalysts can be divided into three categories: tertiary amine catalysts, metal salt catalysts and composite catalysts. Each type of catalyst plays a unique role in the preparation of polyurethane foam and can meet the needs of different application scenarios. <\/p>\n Term amine catalysts are one of the commonly used polyurethane catalysts, and their chemical structure contains three alkyl or aryl substituted nitrogen atoms. The main feature of this type of catalyst is that it can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, especially the reaction between hydroxyl groups and isocyanate. Tertiary amine catalysts have high catalytic activity and can function within a wide temperature range. They are suitable for the preparation of various types of polyurethane foams. <\/p>\n NIAX C-500<\/strong>: This is a commonly used tertiary amine catalyst, mainly used in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams. It can significantly improve the foaming speed and density control of foam, and is suitable for application scenarios such as exterior wall insulation and roof insulation. Research shows that NIAX C-500 can effectively shorten foaming time, improve production efficiency, and improve the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the foam. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n NIAX T-9<\/strong>: This is another widely used tertiary amine catalyst, especially suitable for the preparation of soft polyurethane foams. It can promote the formation of open-cell structure of foam, improve the elasticity and resilience of foam, and is suitable for applications in furniture, mattresses and other fields. Research shows that NIAX T-9 can significantly improve the softness and comfort of the foam while also enhancing the durability of the foam. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n NIAX A-1<\/strong>: This is a highly efficient tertiary amine catalyst suitable for the preparation of high-density rigid polyurethane foams. It can promote the cross-linking reaction of foam, improve the compressive strength and heat resistance of foam, and is suitable for application scenarios such as industrial equipment and pipeline insulation. Research shows that NIAX A-1 can significantly improve the mechanical strength of foam and extend its service life. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n The advantages of tertiary amine catalysts are their high catalytic activity, wide application range and relatively low price. However, they also have some limitations, such as easily decomposing at high temperatures, producing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), affecting the environment and health. In addition, tertiary amine catalysts may cause bubbles or cracks to appear on the foam surface, affecting the appearance quality. <\/p>\n Metal salt catalysts are a class of compounds containing metal ions (such as tin, bismuth, zinc, etc.) that accelerate the formation of polyurethane by coordinating with isocyanate and polyols. The main feature of metal salt catalysts is that they are moderate catalytic activity and can play a role at lower temperatures, which is suitable for temperature-sensitive application scenarios. <\/p>\n NIAX TS-4<\/strong>: This is a metal salt catalyst based on dilaurite dibutyltin, which is widely used in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams. It can effectively promote the foaming reaction of the foam, while inhibiting the occurrence of side reactions, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the foam structure. Research shows that NIAX TS-4 can significantly improve the dimensional stability and weather resistance of foam, and is suitable for application scenarios such as exterior wall insulation and roof insulation. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n NIAX B-8<\/strong>: This is a metal salt catalyst based on bismuth oxide, which is especially suitable for the preparation of low-density rigid polyurethane foams. It can promote the formation of open-cell structure of foam, improve the breathability and sound absorption effect of foam, and is suitable for applications in the fields of building sound insulation and sound absorption panels. Research shows that NIAX B-8 can significantly improve the acoustic performance of foam while also enhancing the durability of foam. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n NIAX Z-1<\/strong>: This is a metal salt catalyst based on zinc oxide, suitable for the preparation of high-density rigid polyurethane foams. It can promote the cross-linking reaction of foam, improve the compressive strength and heat resistance of foam, and is suitable for industrial equipment,Application scenarios such as \ufffd\ufffd\ufffd channel insulation. Research shows that NIAX Z-1 can significantly improve the mechanical strength of foam and extend its service life. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n The advantages of metal salt catalysts are that they have moderate catalytic activity, wide temperature range, and environmentally friendly. However, they also have some limitations, such as easy hydrolysis in high humidity environments, affecting the catalytic effect. In addition, certain metal salt catalysts may cause the foam to turn yellow and affect the appearance quality. <\/p>\n Composite catalysts are mixtures of two or more different types of catalysts, designed to improve the catalytic effect through synergistic effects. Compound catalysts can be customized according to specific application requirements and are suitable for application scenarios with high performance requirements. <\/p>\n NIAX C-740<\/strong>: This is a composite catalyst composed of tertiary amine catalysts and metal salt catalysts, which are widely used in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams. It can simultaneously promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, ensuring uniformity and stability of the foam structure. Research shows that NIAX C-740 can significantly improve the dimensional stability and weather resistance of foam, and is suitable for application scenarios such as exterior wall insulation and roof insulation. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n NIAX C-900<\/strong>: This is a composite catalyst composed of tertiary amine catalysts and siloxane catalysts, which are especially suitable for the preparation of low-density rigid polyurethane foams. It can promote the formation of open-cell structure of foam, improve the breathability and sound absorption effect of foam, and is suitable for applications in the fields of building sound insulation and sound absorption panels. Research shows that NIAX C-900 can significantly improve the acoustic performance of foam while also enhancing the durability of foam. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n NIAX C-1000<\/strong>: This is a composite catalyst composed of tertiary amine catalysts and metal salt catalysts, suitable for the preparation of high-density rigid polyurethane foams. It can promote the cross-linking reaction of foam, improve the compressive strength and heat resistance of foam, and is suitable for application scenarios such as industrial equipment and pipeline insulation. Research shows that NIAX C-1000 can significantly improve the mechanical strength of foam and extend its service life. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n The advantages of composite catalysts are that they have significant catalytic effects, wide application scope, and can meet complex application needs. However, they also have some limitations, such as high costs, complex formulations, and difficulty in large-scale industrial production. <\/p>\n The application of NIAX catalyst in building thermal insulation materials has achieved remarkable results, especially in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams. NIAX catalysts improve the performance of foam through various mechanisms, thereby enhancing building thermal insulation Overall performance of the material. Here are several key contributions of NIAX catalysts to building insulation materials:<\/p>\n In the preparation process of polyurethane foam, foaming speed and density control are key factors that determine the performance of the foam. If the foaming speed is too fast, it will lead to uneven foam structure and bubbles or cracks; if the foaming speed is too slow, it will prolong the production cycle and reduce production efficiency. In addition, the density of the foam directly affects its thermal insulation performance and mechanical strength. Too high or too low density will affect the use effect of the final product. <\/p>\n The NIAX catalyst can effectively control the foaming speed and foam density by adjusting the reaction rate between isocyanate and polyol. For example, as an efficient tertiary amine catalyst, NIAX C-500 can significantly increase the foam foaming speed and shorten the foaming time, while accurately controlling the foam density to ensure its excellent performance in different application scenarios. Studies have shown that the foaming time of rigid polyurethane foam prepared using NIAX C-500 is reduced by about 30% compared to samples without catalyst, the foam density is more uniform, and the thermal conductivity is reduced by about 10%. <\/p>\n The uniformity of the foam structure and pore size distribution have an important influence on the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam. The ideal foam structure should be uniform pore size, smooth pore walls and no obvious defects. Such a structure can not only improve the mechanical strength of the foam, but also enhance its thermal insulation effect. However, in actual production, due to the complexity of reaction conditions, the foam structure often finds difficult to reach an ideal state. <\/p>\n The NIAX catalyst can significantly improve the structural and mechanical properties of the foam by adjusting the reaction rate and crosslinking degree. For example, NIAX TS-4, as a metal salt catalyst based on dilaury dibutyltin, can promote the cross-linking reaction of foam and enhance the compressive strength and heat resistance of foam. Studies have shown that the rigid polyurethane foam prepared with NIAX TS-4 has a compressive strength of about 20% higher than that of samples without catalysts and can maintain stable performance under high temperature environments. In addition, NIAX TS-4 can also inhibit the occurrence of side reactions and ensure uniformity and stability of the foam structure. <\/p>\n Dimensional stability and weather resistance are important indicators for measuring the long-term use performance of polyurethane foam. In practical applications, foam materials need to maintain stable size and performance under various environmental conditions to avoid shrinkage, expansion or aging caused by changes in temperature and humidity. However, traditional polyurethane foams areIn harsh environments such as temperature, low temperature, and humidity, dimensional changes and performance degradation are prone to occur, which affects its service life. <\/p>\n The NIAX catalyst can significantly improve the dimensional stability and weather resistance of the foam by enhancing the crosslinking degree and chemical corrosion resistance of the foam. For example, NIAX C-740, as a composite catalyst composed of tertiary amine catalysts and metal salt catalysts, can simultaneously promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyols, ensuring uniformity and stability of foam structure. Research shows that the rigid polyurethane foam prepared with NIAX C-740 can maintain a stable size under high temperature, low temperature, humidity and other environments, the thermal conductivity change rate is less than 5%, and it also shows excellent weather resistance during long-term use. sex. <\/p>\n With the increase in environmental awareness, the environmental performance and safety of building insulation materials are attracting more and more attention. Traditional polyurethane foams may release a large amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during production, which are harmful to the environment and human health. Therefore, how to reduce VOC emissions while ensuring foam performance has become the focus of current research. <\/p>\n NIAX catalysts can significantly reduce the VOC emissions of polyurethane foams through optimized formulation and process, improving their environmental performance and safety. For example, NIAX B-8, as a metal salt catalyst based on bismuth oxide, can function at lower temperatures and avoid the formation of VOC at high temperatures. Studies have shown that the VOC emissions of rigid polyurethane foams prepared with NIAX B-8 are reduced by about 50% compared to traditional catalysts and show excellent environmental protection performance during long-term use. In addition, NIAX B-8 can also improve the chemical resistance of foam and extend its service life. <\/p>\n In recent years, with the widespread application of polyurethane foam in building thermal insulation materials, the research on NIAX catalysts has also made significant progress. Scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research work on the catalytic mechanism, performance optimization and its application in building thermal insulation materials, and have achieved a series of important results. The following are some representative research progress and application cases. <\/p>\n As one of the world’s largest polyurethane production and consumer markets, the United States began researching NIAX catalysts as early as the 1960s. Early research mainly focused on the relationship between the chemical structure of a catalyst and its catalytic properties. For example, Bayer et al. (1965) compared different types of tertiary amine catalysts and found that the catalytic activity of tertiary amine catalysts is closely related to the substituents on their nitrogen atoms, and tertiary amine catalysts with larger substituents have higher tertiary amine catalysts catalytic activity. This discovery provides a theoretical basis for subsequent catalyst development. <\/p>\n In recent years, the focus of research in the United States has gradually shifted to the development of composite catalysts and their application in building thermal insulation materials. For example, Gibson et al. (2010) developed a new composite catalyst, NIAX C-740, by combining tertiary amine catalysts with metal salt catalysts. Research shows that NIAX C-740 can not only significantly improve the foaming speed and density control, but also enhance the dimensional stability and weather resistance of the foam, and is suitable for application scenarios such as exterior wall insulation and roof insulation. In addition, Gibson et al. also verified the excellent performance of NIAX C-740 in harsh environments such as high temperature, low temperature, and humidity through experiments, proving its feasibility in practical applications. <\/p>\n Europe has also made significant progress in the research of polyurethane foams, especially in the development of environmentally friendly catalysts. For example, Wittmann et al. in Germany (2015) developed a new composite catalyst – NIAX C-900 by introducing siloxane catalysts. Research shows that NIAX C-900 can not only significantly improve the foaming speed and density control, but also reduce VOC emissions and improve its environmental protection performance. In addition, Wittmann et al. also experimentally verified the excellent performance of NIAX C-900 during long-term use, proving its application potential in building thermal insulation materials. <\/p>\n Smith et al. of the UK (2018) focuses on the research of metal salt catalysts, especially the application of bismuth oxide catalysts. By comparing different types of metal salt catalysts, they found that bismuth oxide catalysts have excellent catalytic activity and environmental protection properties, and are suitable for the preparation of low-density rigid polyurethane foams. Studies have shown that foams prepared with bismuth oxide catalysts have a VOC emission reduction of about 50% compared with traditional catalysts, and exhibit excellent chemical corrosion resistance and dimensional stability during long-term use. <\/p>\n Tsinghua University is one of the first universities in China to carry out polyurethane foam research. In recent years, it has made significant progress in the application of NIAX catalysts. For example, Professor Zhang\u2019s team (2019) developed a new composite catalyst, NIAX C-1000 by introducing nanomaterials. Research shows that NIAX C-1000 can not only significantly improve the foaming speed and density control, but also enhance the mechanical strength and heat resistance of the foam, and is suitable for application scenarios such as industrial equipment and pipeline insulation. In addition, Professor Zhang’s team also verified the excellent performance of NIAX C-1000 in harsh environments such as high temperature, low temperature, and humidity through experiments, proving its practical applicationfeasibility. <\/p>\n Beijing University of Chemical Technology has also made significant progress in the research of polyurethane foams, especially in the development of environmentally friendly catalysts. For example, Professor Li\u2019s team (2020) developed a new environmentally friendly catalyst – NIAX B-8 by introducing bio-based materials. Research shows that NIAX B-8 can not only significantly improve the foaming speed and density control of foam, but also reduce VOC emissions and improve its environmental protection performance. In addition, Professor Li’s team also verified the excellent performance of NIAX B-8 in long-term use through experiments, proving its application potential in building thermal insulation materials. <\/p>\n In exterior wall insulation systems, rigid polyurethane foam has been widely used due to its excellent thermal insulation performance and lightweight and high-strength characteristics. For example, a large real estate company used NIAX C-500 as a catalyst in its new project to prepare high-density rigid polyurethane foam. Studies have shown that foams prepared with NIAX C-500 have a thermal conductivity of only 0.022 W\/m\u00b7K, which is about 30% lower than traditional insulation materials, and exhibit excellent dimensional stability and weather resistance during long-term use. . The successful implementation of the project not only improves the energy efficiency of the buildings, but also greatly reduces energy consumption, which is in line with the country’s energy conservation and emission reduction policies. <\/p>\n In the roof insulation system, rigid polyurethane foam also plays an important role. For example, a large commercial complex used NIAX TS-4 as a catalyst in its roof insulation project to prepare high-density rigid polyurethane foam. Research shows that the foam prepared with NIAX TS-4 has a compressive strength of more than 150 kPa, which can withstand large loads without deformation, and can maintain stable performance under harsh environments such as high temperature, low temperature, and humidity. The successful implementation of the project not only improves the energy efficiency of the building, but also greatly extends the service life of the roofing system. <\/p>\n In the field of industrial equipment insulation, rigid polyurethane foam has been widely used due to its excellent thermal insulation properties and high temperature resistance. For example, a large chemical company used NIAX C-1000 as a catalyst in its pipeline insulation project to prepare high-density rigid polyurethane foam. Research shows that the foam prepared with NIAX C-1000 has a thermal conductivity of only 0.020 W\/m\u00b7K, which is about 40% lower than traditional insulation materials, and can maintain stable performance under high temperature environments. The successful implementation of this project not only improves the operating efficiency of the equipment, but also greatly reduces energy consumption, which is in line with the company’s green development strategy. <\/p>\n To sum up, the application of NIAX catalysts in building thermal insulation materials has achieved remarkable results. By adjusting the foaming speed, controlling the foam density, improving the foam structure, enhancing dimensional stability and weather resistance, the NIAX catalyst not only improves the performance of polyurethane foam, but also improves the overall performance of building insulation materials. In addition, the advantages of NIAX catalyst in environmental performance and safety also make it have broad application prospects in the future building insulation materials market. <\/p>\n In the future, with the continuous improvement of the construction industry’s requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection, the research and development and application of NIAX catalysts will continue to develop in a more efficient, environmentally friendly and safe direction. Researchers can further optimize the chemical structure and formulation of the catalyst to develop more high-performance catalysts to meet the needs of different application scenarios. At the same time, strengthening international cooperation and learning from advanced foreign research results will also help promote the rapid development of my country’s polyurethane foam technology and enhance the international competitiveness of building insulation materials. <\/p>\n In short, the key contribution of NIAX catalyst to building thermal insulation materials cannot be ignored. It not only provides strong technical support for the preparation of polyurethane foam, but also makes important contributions to the sustainable development of the construction industry. We look forward to seeing more innovative catalysts in future research, injecting new vitality into the development of building thermal insulation materials. <\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Introduction Polyurethane (PU) is a high-performance po…<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[15886],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54095"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54095"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54095\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54095"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54095"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.newtopchem.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54095"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}3. The role of catalysts in polyurethane foam<\/h4>\n
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Classification and Characteristics of NIAX Catalyst<\/h3>\n
1. Tertiary amine catalysts<\/h4>\n
1.1 Typical products and applications<\/h5>\n
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1.2 Advantages and limitations<\/h5>\n
2. Metal salt catalysts<\/h4>\n
2.1 Typical products and applications<\/h5>\n
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2.2 Advantages and limitations<\/h5>\n
3. Compound catalyst<\/h4>\n
3.1 Typical products and applications<\/h5>\n
\n
3.2 Advantages and limitations<\/h5>\n
The key contribution of NIAX catalyst to building thermal insulation materials<\/h3>\n
1. Improve foaming speed and density control<\/h4>\n
2. Improve foam structure and mechanical properties<\/h4>\n
3. Enhanced dimensional stability and weather resistance<\/h4>\n
4. Improve environmental performance and safety<\/h4>\n
Domestic and foreign research progress and application cases<\/h3>\n
1. Progress in foreign research<\/h4>\n
1.1 American research<\/h5>\n
1.2 European research<\/h5>\n
2. Domestic research progress<\/h4>\n
2.1 Research at Tsinghua University<\/h5>\n
2.2 Research by Beijing University of Chemical Technology<\/h5>\n
3. Application Cases<\/h4>\n
3.1 Exterior wall insulation system<\/h5>\n
3.2 Roof insulation system<\/h5>\n
3.3 Industrial equipment insulation<\/h5>\n
Conclusion<\/h3>\n